Tag
#probability
5 articles
Markov Chains
How a process that remembers only where it is right now can settle into a stable long-run distribution — the idea behind PageRank, MCMC, and text generation.
Heredity and Mendelian Genetics
How Mendel's pea experiments overturned blending inheritance, why a monohybrid cross gives 3:1 and a dihybrid 9:3:3:1, and how the Punnett square is just a probability calculation over discrete alleles.
Entropy and the Second Law
Gas released in a corner of a box fills the box and never gathers back — not because a force forbids it, but because overwhelmingly more microstates look spread out than gathered.
Bayes' Theorem
The rule for updating belief in the face of evidence, and why ignoring the base rate makes accurate tests wildly misleading.
The Central Limit Theorem
The theorem that explains why the bell curve appears everywhere from exam scores to measurement errors.