#probability

5 articles

Markov Chains

How a process that remembers only where it is right now can settle into a stable long-run distribution — the idea behind PageRank, MCMC, and text generation.

10 min read·Jul 17, 2026

Biology

Heredity and Mendelian Genetics

How Mendel's pea experiments overturned blending inheritance, why a monohybrid cross gives 3:1 and a dihybrid 9:3:3:1, and how the Punnett square is just a probability calculation over discrete alleles.

10 min read·Jul 15, 2026

Physics

Entropy and the Second Law

Gas released in a corner of a box fills the box and never gathers back — not because a force forbids it, but because overwhelmingly more microstates look spread out than gathered.

10 min read·Jun 22, 2026

Mathematics

Bayes' Theorem

The rule for updating belief in the face of evidence, and why ignoring the base rate makes accurate tests wildly misleading.

9 min read·Jun 8, 2026

Mathematics

The Central Limit Theorem

The theorem that explains why the bell curve appears everywhere from exam scores to measurement errors.

8 min read·Mar 28, 2026