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Bentuk Kota
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Indonesian street network morphology — the driving network and the walking network, measured separately for the same place.

Panakkukang · Makassar · Perumahan cluster

r = 800 m · 36 bin · Footway coverage 2.7% · thin

Panakkukang

Makassar · Perumahan cluster

Planned 1980s housing: regular blocks and a great many cul-de-sacs.

Read the two columns below as two readings of the same data rather than as a gap that can yet be concluded from. The gang here are not mapped densely enough for that.

Drive

46.1 km · 202 intersections/km²

Fig. 1 · r = 800 m — The drivable network inside the sampling disc. Uniform ink, no road-class hierarchy, no basemap: the shape is the subject.
NDrive · 355°–5° · 1.6%Drive · 5°–15° · 12.4%Drive · 15°–25° · 3.6%Drive · 25°–35° · 1.0%Drive · 35°–45° · 0.4%Drive · 45°–55° · 1.4%Drive · 55°–65° · 0.2%Drive · 65°–75° · 0.4%Drive · 75°–85° · 1.9%Drive · 85°–95° · 1.5%Drive · 95°–105° · 12.9%Drive · 105°–115° · 6.2%Drive · 115°–125° · 2.1%Drive · 125°–135° · 0.4%Drive · 135°–145° · 1.5%Drive · 145°–155° · 0.4%Drive · 155°–165° · 0.7%Drive · 165°–175° · 1.5%Drive · 175°–185° · 1.6%Drive · 185°–195° · 12.4%Drive · 195°–205° · 3.6%Drive · 205°–215° · 1.0%Drive · 215°–225° · 0.4%Drive · 225°–235° · 1.4%Drive · 235°–245° · 0.2%Drive · 245°–255° · 0.4%Drive · 255°–265° · 1.9%Drive · 265°–275° · 1.5%Drive · 275°–285° · 12.9%Drive · 285°–295° · 6.2%Drive · 295°–305° · 2.1%Drive · 305°–315° · 0.4%Drive · 315°–325° · 1.5%Drive · 325°–335° · 0.4%Drive · 335°–345° · 0.7%Drive · 345°–355° · 1.5%
Drive H 2.931 · φ 0.51

Walk

48.1 km · 219 intersections/km²

Fig. 2 · r = 800 m — The walkable network at the same centre, the same disc, the same extract. Every difference from the drawing beside it is the tag mapping, not a different place.
NWalk · 355°–5° · 1.6%Walk · 5°–15° · 12.2%Walk · 15°–25° · 3.6%Walk · 25°–35° · 1.0%Walk · 35°–45° · 0.4%Walk · 45°–55° · 1.4%Walk · 55°–65° · 0.2%Walk · 65°–75° · 0.4%Walk · 75°–85° · 1.9%Walk · 85°–95° · 1.7%Walk · 95°–105° · 12.8%Walk · 105°–115° · 6.3%Walk · 115°–125° · 2.1%Walk · 125°–135° · 0.5%Walk · 135°–145° · 1.5%Walk · 145°–155° · 0.4%Walk · 155°–165° · 0.7%Walk · 165°–175° · 1.5%Walk · 175°–185° · 1.6%Walk · 185°–195° · 12.2%Walk · 195°–205° · 3.6%Walk · 205°–215° · 1.0%Walk · 215°–225° · 0.4%Walk · 225°–235° · 1.4%Walk · 235°–245° · 0.2%Walk · 245°–255° · 0.4%Walk · 255°–265° · 1.9%Walk · 265°–275° · 1.7%Walk · 275°–285° · 12.8%Walk · 285°–295° · 6.3%Walk · 295°–305° · 2.1%Walk · 305°–315° · 0.5%Walk · 315°–325° · 1.5%Walk · 325°–335° · 0.4%Walk · 335°–345° · 0.7%Walk · 345°–355° · 1.5%
Walk H 2.940 · φ 0.50

Delta

+2.0

km of network reachable only on foot · 4.1% of the walking network

+16
intersections per km²
−0.9%
Dead-end
+0.009
ΔH · orientation entropy

Both roses overlaid

NDrive · 355°–5° · 1.6%Drive · 5°–15° · 12.4%Drive · 15°–25° · 3.6%Drive · 25°–35° · 1.0%Drive · 35°–45° · 0.4%Drive · 45°–55° · 1.4%Drive · 55°–65° · 0.2%Drive · 65°–75° · 0.4%Drive · 75°–85° · 1.9%Drive · 85°–95° · 1.5%Drive · 95°–105° · 12.9%Drive · 105°–115° · 6.2%Drive · 115°–125° · 2.1%Drive · 125°–135° · 0.4%Drive · 135°–145° · 1.5%Drive · 145°–155° · 0.4%Drive · 155°–165° · 0.7%Drive · 165°–175° · 1.5%Drive · 175°–185° · 1.6%Drive · 185°–195° · 12.4%Drive · 195°–205° · 3.6%Drive · 205°–215° · 1.0%Drive · 215°–225° · 0.4%Drive · 225°–235° · 1.4%Drive · 235°–245° · 0.2%Drive · 245°–255° · 0.4%Drive · 255°–265° · 1.9%Drive · 265°–275° · 1.5%Drive · 275°–285° · 12.9%Drive · 285°–295° · 6.2%Drive · 295°–305° · 2.1%Drive · 305°–315° · 0.4%Drive · 315°–325° · 1.5%Drive · 325°–335° · 0.4%Drive · 335°–345° · 0.7%Drive · 345°–355° · 1.5%Walk · 355°–5° · 1.6%Walk · 5°–15° · 12.2%Walk · 15°–25° · 3.6%Walk · 25°–35° · 1.0%Walk · 35°–45° · 0.4%Walk · 45°–55° · 1.4%Walk · 55°–65° · 0.2%Walk · 65°–75° · 0.4%Walk · 75°–85° · 1.9%Walk · 85°–95° · 1.7%Walk · 95°–105° · 12.8%Walk · 105°–115° · 6.3%Walk · 115°–125° · 2.1%Walk · 125°–135° · 0.5%Walk · 135°–145° · 1.5%Walk · 145°–155° · 0.4%Walk · 155°–165° · 0.7%Walk · 165°–175° · 1.5%Walk · 175°–185° · 1.6%Walk · 185°–195° · 12.2%Walk · 195°–205° · 3.6%Walk · 205°–215° · 1.0%Walk · 215°–225° · 0.4%Walk · 225°–235° · 1.4%Walk · 235°–245° · 0.2%Walk · 245°–255° · 0.4%Walk · 255°–265° · 1.9%Walk · 265°–275° · 1.7%Walk · 275°–285° · 12.8%Walk · 285°–295° · 6.3%Walk · 295°–305° · 2.1%Walk · 305°–315° · 0.5%Walk · 315°–325° · 1.5%Walk · 325°–335° · 0.4%Walk · 335°–345° · 0.7%Walk · 345°–355° · 1.5%
Drive H 2.931 · φ 0.51Walk H 2.940 · φ 0.50
  • Drive
  • Walk
  • Both

Two readings, one table

Hairlines: every site in the set, both modes. Marks: this site. A position, not a value — neither end is better.

Panakkukang: driving and walking network metrics, their difference, and their position among 33 sites.
MetricDriveWalkDeltaPosition among 33 sites
Orientation entropynat2.9312.940+0.009Drive: position 6 of 33; Walk: position 8 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
H / H max0.8180.820+0.003Drive: position 6 of 33; Walk: position 8 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
φ orientation-order0.5060.500−0.006Drive: position 28 of 33; Walk: position 26 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Circuitysampled1.5941.547−0.047Drive: position 23 of 33; Walk: position 21 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Average node degree2.372.39+0.02Drive: position 21 of 33; Walk: position 16 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Four-way7.4%7.8%+0.4%Drive: position 25 of 33; Walk: position 20 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Dead-end28.6%27.6%−0.9%Drive: position 16 of 33; Walk: position 20 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Intersection density202 /km²219 /km²+16 /km²Drive: position 27 of 33; Walk: position 15 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Median segment length43 m41 m−2 mDrive: position 26 of 33; Walk: position 25 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.
Network length46.1 km48.1 km+2.0 kmDrive: position 32 of 33; Walk: position 19 of 33, when the set is sorted by this metric, smallest first.

H is in nats — the natural-log unit of information. That is why its maximum is ln 36 ≈ 3.584 rather than log₂ 36.

Circuity is an estimate: network distance over straight-line distance, averaged across a seeded sample of node pairs rather than across all of them. Drive: 416 pairs sampled · 79 pairs unreachable.Walk: 425 pairs sampled · 64 pairs unreachable. Pairs with no route between them at all are excluded from the mean. A large count means this network is fragmented — a signal about the data, not about the place.

Each street segment’s bearing goes into one of 36 bins of 10°, weighted by length: a 500 m road counts ten times a 50 m gang. Bar length is the share of network length running that way, not a count of segments. The rose is always 180°-symmetric, because one segment traversed both ways differs by exactly 180°. Boeing 2019 §3

Fig. 3 · r = 800 m

What walking adds

Ink: the edges that exist only in the walking network. Hairline: the network both modes share. Membership is decided by the tag mapping — an edge counts as walk-only when the OSM way it came from is not admitted to the driving network.
Walk-only length
2.0 km
Share of walking network
4.1%

Where these numbers come from

Drive

Nodes
704
Edges
834
Intersections (degree ≥ 3)
407
Disc area
2.01 km²
Intersection density
202 /km²
Rose weighted length
92.3 km
Per-edge circuity
1.052

Walk

Nodes
746
Edges
893
Intersections (degree ≥ 3)
440
Disc area
2.01 km²
Intersection density
219 /km²
Rose weighted length
96.2 km
Per-edge circuity
1.050

The intermediate values the column above is built from. Intersection density is the intersection count over the disc area; the weighted length is the denominator that turns a rose bar into a share. Two different circuity measures: the per-edge one compares each segment against its own chord, the sampled one compares distances between junctions. The first measures how much streets bend, the second how far out of your way the network takes you.

Rose as a table — 36 bins — Panakkukang
Share of network length per 10° bearing bin, for drive and walk.
BinBearing rangeP — DriveP — Walk−P·ln P−P·ln P
00355°–5°1.60%1.62%0.06610.0668
015°–15°12.40%12.21%0.25880.2568
0215°–25°3.61%3.64%0.11990.1205
0325°–35°1.03%1.03%0.04730.0471
0435°–45°0.42%0.41%0.02320.0226
0545°–55°1.40%1.40%0.05980.0597
0655°–65°0.18%0.20%0.01120.0122
0765°–75°0.38%0.38%0.02140.0210
0875°–85°1.86%1.87%0.07410.0744
0985°–95°1.54%1.66%0.06430.0679
1095°–105°12.90%12.76%0.26420.2628
11105°–115°6.15%6.29%0.17150.1740
12115°–125°2.07%2.07%0.08020.0804
13125°–135°0.45%0.45%0.02430.0244
14135°–145°1.50%1.46%0.06300.0617
15145°–155°0.38%0.36%0.02100.0204
16155°–165°0.65%0.66%0.03290.0331
17165°–175°1.47%1.54%0.06220.0642
18175°–185°1.60%1.62%0.06610.0668
19185°–195°12.40%12.21%0.25880.2568
20195°–205°3.61%3.64%0.11990.1205
21205°–215°1.03%1.03%0.04730.0471
22215°–225°0.42%0.41%0.02320.0226
23225°–235°1.40%1.40%0.05980.0597
24235°–245°0.18%0.20%0.01120.0122
25245°–255°0.38%0.38%0.02140.0210
26255°–265°1.86%1.87%0.07410.0744
27265°–275°1.54%1.66%0.06430.0679
28275°–285°12.90%12.76%0.26420.2628
29285°–295°6.15%6.29%0.17150.1740
30295°–305°2.07%2.07%0.08020.0804
31305°–315°0.45%0.45%0.02430.0244
32315°–325°1.50%1.46%0.06300.0617
33325°–335°0.38%0.36%0.02100.0204
34335°–345°0.65%0.66%0.03290.0331
35345°–355°1.47%1.54%0.06220.0642
Sum = H2.9312.940

The last column is each bin’s term in H = −Σ P(i)·ln P(i). Add the thirty-six of them and you get the H printed under the rose. An empty bin contributes zero.

Download this site’s data (JSON, ODbL)

Data jalan © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. Basis data turunan ini ditawarkan dengan lisensi yang sama. · Boeing, G. 2019. Urban Spatial Order: Street Network Orientation, Configuration, and Entropy. Applied Network Science 4(1):67.