Singkawang Tengah

Singkawang · Kampung kota

The centre of Singkawang, threaded with named gang — Bunga, Sukses, Sederhana, Khatulistiwa — between residential streets several times their length.

Drive

Fig. 1 · r = 800 m — The drivable network inside the sampling disc. Uniform ink, no road-class hierarchy, no basemap: the shape is the subject.

Drive H 3.075 · φ 0.41

Orientation entropy: 3.075nat
H / H max: 0.858
φ orientation-order: 0.409
Circuity: 1.395~452
Average node degree: 2.28
Four-way: 5.9%
Dead-end: 35.9%
Intersection density: 199 /km²
Median segment length: 43 m
Network length: 40.1 km

H is in nats — the natural-log unit of information. That is why its maximum is ln 36 ≈ 3.584 rather than log₂ 36.

Circuity is an estimate: network distance over straight-line distance, averaged across a seeded sample of node pairs rather than across all of them. 452 pairs sampled · 39 pairs unreachable Pairs with no route between them at all are excluded from the mean. A large count means this network is fragmented — a signal about the data, not about the place.

Where these come from

Nodes: 694
Edges: 790
Intersections (degree ≥ 3): 400
Disc area: 2.01 km²
Intersection density: 199 /km²
Rose weighted length: 80.3 km
Per-edge circuity: 1.034

The intermediate values the column above is built from. Intersection density is the intersection count over the disc area; the weighted length is the denominator that turns a rose bar into a share. Two different circuity measures: the per-edge one compares each segment against its own chord, the sampled one compares distances between junctions. The first measures how much streets bend, the second how far out of your way the network takes you.

Walk

Fig. 2 · r = 800 m — The walkable network at the same centre, the same disc, the same extract. Every difference from the drawing beside it is the tag mapping, not a different place.

Walk H 3.073 · φ 0.41

Orientation entropy: 3.073nat
H / H max: 0.858
φ orientation-order: 0.410
Circuity: 1.430~332
Average node degree: 2.12
Four-way: 7.1%
Dead-end: 43.7%
Intersection density: 224 /km²
Median segment length: 40 m
Network length: 47.8 km

H is in nats — the natural-log unit of information. That is why its maximum is ln 36 ≈ 3.584 rather than log₂ 36.

Circuity is an estimate: network distance over straight-line distance, averaged across a seeded sample of node pairs rather than across all of them. 332 pairs sampled · 162 pairs unreachable Pairs with no route between them at all are excluded from the mean. A large count means this network is fragmented — a signal about the data, not about the place.

Where these come from

Nodes: 934
Edges: 988
Intersections (degree ≥ 3): 450
Disc area: 2.01 km²
Intersection density: 224 /km²
Rose weighted length: 95.7 km
Per-edge circuity: 1.040

Both roses overlaid

Drive H 3.075 · φ 0.41Walk H 3.073 · φ 0.41

Each street segment’s bearing goes into one of 36 bins of 10°, weighted by length: a 500 m road counts ten times a 50 m gang. Bar length is the share of network length running that way, not a count of segments. The rose is always 180°-symmetric, because one segment traversed both ways differs by exactly 180°. Boeing 2019 §3

Drive
Walk
Both

DeltaWalk − Drive

Orientation entropy: −0.002
H / H max: −0.001
φ orientation-order: +0.001
Circuity: +0.036
Average node degree: −0.16
Four-way: +1.2%
Dead-end: +7.8%
Intersection density: +25
Median segment length: −3
Network length: +7.7

What walking adds

Walk-only length: 7.7 km
Share of walking network: 16.1%

Fig. 3 · r = 800 m — Ink: the edges that exist only in the walking network. Hairline: the network both modes share. Membership is decided by the tag mapping — an edge counts as walk-only when the OSM way it came from is not admitted to the driving network.

Rose as a table — 36 bins — Singkawang Tengah

Share of network length per 10° bearing bin, for drive and walk.
Bin	Bearing range	P — Drive	P — Walk	−P·ln P	−P·ln P
00	355°–5°	1.89%	2.58%	0.0750	0.0945
01	5°–15°	0.65%	0.60%	0.0328	0.0308
02	15°–25°	1.30%	1.44%	0.0565	0.0612
03	25°–35°	9.40%	9.63%	0.2223	0.2254
04	35°–45°	8.13%	8.60%	0.2040	0.2109
05	45°–55°	1.17%	1.03%	0.0519	0.0472
06	55°–65°	0.64%	0.56%	0.0325	0.0291
07	65°–75°	0.88%	0.91%	0.0415	0.0428
08	75°–85°	0.95%	0.89%	0.0443	0.0420
09	85°–95°	2.18%	2.50%	0.0833	0.0923
10	95°–105°	0.61%	0.63%	0.0312	0.0321
11	105°–115°	1.64%	1.56%	0.0675	0.0649
12	115°–125°	8.83%	8.74%	0.2143	0.2131
13	125°–135°	7.76%	6.68%	0.1984	0.1808
14	135°–145°	1.18%	1.04%	0.0526	0.0474
15	145°–155°	0.74%	0.67%	0.0364	0.0336
16	155°–165°	0.88%	0.77%	0.0416	0.0376
17	165°–175°	1.16%	1.14%	0.0517	0.0511
18	175°–185°	1.89%	2.58%	0.0750	0.0945
19	185°–195°	0.65%	0.60%	0.0328	0.0308
20	195°–205°	1.30%	1.44%	0.0565	0.0612
21	205°–215°	9.40%	9.63%	0.2223	0.2254
22	215°–225°	8.13%	8.60%	0.2040	0.2109
23	225°–235°	1.17%	1.03%	0.0519	0.0472
24	235°–245°	0.64%	0.56%	0.0325	0.0291
25	245°–255°	0.88%	0.91%	0.0415	0.0428
26	255°–265°	0.95%	0.89%	0.0443	0.0420
27	265°–275°	2.18%	2.50%	0.0833	0.0923
28	275°–285°	0.61%	0.63%	0.0312	0.0321
29	285°–295°	1.64%	1.56%	0.0675	0.0649
30	295°–305°	8.83%	8.74%	0.2143	0.2131
31	305°–315°	7.76%	6.68%	0.1984	0.1808
32	315°–325°	1.18%	1.04%	0.0526	0.0474
33	325°–335°	0.74%	0.67%	0.0364	0.0336
34	335°–345°	0.88%	0.77%	0.0416	0.0376
35	345°–355°	1.16%	1.14%	0.0517	0.0511
Sum = H				3.075	3.073

The last column is each bin’s term in H = −Σ P(i)·ln P(i). Add the thirty-six of them and you get the H printed under the rose. An empty bin contributes zero.

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Data jalan © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. Basis data turunan ini ditawarkan dengan lisensi yang sama. · Boeing, G. 2019. Urban Spatial Order: Street Network Orientation, Configuration, and Entropy. Applied Network Science 4(1):67.