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Indonesian street network morphology — the driving network and the walking network, measured separately for the same place.

Pasar Atas · Bukittinggi · Small town

r = 800 m · 36 bin · Footway coverage 21.2% · moderate

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Pasar Atas

Bukittinggi · Small town

A Minangkabau highland market town cut by a ravine: part of its walking network is public stairs rather than level gang.

Drive

Fig. 1 · r = 800 m The drivable network inside the sampling disc. Uniform ink, no road-class hierarchy, no basemap: the shape is the subject.
NDrive · 355°–5° · 4.3%Drive · 5°–15° · 3.6%Drive · 15°–25° · 3.9%Drive · 25°–35° · 1.4%Drive · 35°–45° · 1.0%Drive · 45°–55° · 1.7%Drive · 55°–65° · 3.5%Drive · 65°–75° · 3.0%Drive · 75°–85° · 3.3%Drive · 85°–95° · 3.7%Drive · 95°–105° · 3.2%Drive · 105°–115° · 3.0%Drive · 115°–125° · 1.2%Drive · 125°–135° · 0.9%Drive · 135°–145° · 1.2%Drive · 145°–155° · 2.0%Drive · 155°–165° · 4.0%Drive · 165°–175° · 5.0%Drive · 175°–185° · 4.3%Drive · 185°–195° · 3.6%Drive · 195°–205° · 3.9%Drive · 205°–215° · 1.4%Drive · 215°–225° · 1.0%Drive · 225°–235° · 1.7%Drive · 235°–245° · 3.5%Drive · 245°–255° · 3.0%Drive · 255°–265° · 3.3%Drive · 265°–275° · 3.7%Drive · 275°–285° · 3.2%Drive · 285°–295° · 3.0%Drive · 295°–305° · 1.2%Drive · 305°–315° · 0.9%Drive · 315°–325° · 1.2%Drive · 325°–335° · 2.0%Drive · 335°–345° · 4.0%Drive · 345°–355° · 5.0%
Drive H 3.473 · φ 0.10
Orientation entropy
3.473nat
H / H max
0.969
φ orientation-order
0.098
Circuity
1.542~428
Average node degree
2.39
Four-way
5.6%
Dead-end
30.6%
Intersection density
96 /km²
Median segment length
57 m
Network length
26.8 km

H is in nats — the natural-log unit of information. That is why its maximum is ln 36 ≈ 3.584 rather than log₂ 36.

Circuity is an estimate: network distance over straight-line distance, averaged across a seeded sample of node pairs rather than across all of them. 428 pairs sampled · 57 pairs unreachable Pairs with no route between them at all are excluded from the mean. A large count means this network is fragmented — a signal about the data, not about the place.

Where these come from

Nodes
304
Edges
363
Intersections (degree ≥ 3)
194
Disc area
2.01 km²
Intersection density
96 /km²
Rose weighted length
53.6 km
Per-edge circuity
1.062

The intermediate values the column above is built from. Intersection density is the intersection count over the disc area; the weighted length is the denominator that turns a rose bar into a share. Two different circuity measures: the per-edge one compares each segment against its own chord, the sampled one compares distances between junctions. The first measures how much streets bend, the second how far out of your way the network takes you.

Walk

Fig. 2 · r = 800 m The walkable network at the same centre, the same disc, the same extract. Every difference from the drawing beside it is the tag mapping, not a different place.
NWalk · 355°–5° · 4.7%Walk · 5°–15° · 3.7%Walk · 15°–25° · 4.0%Walk · 25°–35° · 1.7%Walk · 35°–45° · 1.0%Walk · 45°–55° · 1.7%Walk · 55°–65° · 3.2%Walk · 65°–75° · 2.9%Walk · 75°–85° · 3.1%Walk · 85°–95° · 4.4%Walk · 95°–105° · 3.3%Walk · 105°–115° · 3.0%Walk · 115°–125° · 1.1%Walk · 125°–135° · 1.0%Walk · 135°–145° · 1.1%Walk · 145°–155° · 1.9%Walk · 155°–165° · 3.6%Walk · 165°–175° · 4.6%Walk · 175°–185° · 4.7%Walk · 185°–195° · 3.7%Walk · 195°–205° · 4.0%Walk · 205°–215° · 1.7%Walk · 215°–225° · 1.0%Walk · 225°–235° · 1.7%Walk · 235°–245° · 3.2%Walk · 245°–255° · 2.9%Walk · 255°–265° · 3.1%Walk · 265°–275° · 4.4%Walk · 275°–285° · 3.3%Walk · 285°–295° · 3.0%Walk · 295°–305° · 1.1%Walk · 305°–315° · 1.0%Walk · 315°–325° · 1.1%Walk · 325°–335° · 1.9%Walk · 335°–345° · 3.6%Walk · 345°–355° · 4.6%
Walk H 3.474 · φ 0.10
Orientation entropy
3.474nat
H / H max
0.969
φ orientation-order
0.097
Circuity
1.445~452
Average node degree
2.56
Four-way
8.0%
Dead-end
20.7%
Intersection density
149 /km²
Median segment length
49 m
Network length
34.8 km

H is in nats — the natural-log unit of information. That is why its maximum is ln 36 ≈ 3.584 rather than log₂ 36.

Circuity is an estimate: network distance over straight-line distance, averaged across a seeded sample of node pairs rather than across all of them. 452 pairs sampled · 40 pairs unreachable Pairs with no route between them at all are excluded from the mean. A large count means this network is fragmented — a signal about the data, not about the place.

Where these come from

Nodes
435
Edges
557
Intersections (degree ≥ 3)
299
Disc area
2.01 km²
Intersection density
149 /km²
Rose weighted length
69.6 km
Per-edge circuity
1.070

The intermediate values the column above is built from. Intersection density is the intersection count over the disc area; the weighted length is the denominator that turns a rose bar into a share. Two different circuity measures: the per-edge one compares each segment against its own chord, the sampled one compares distances between junctions. The first measures how much streets bend, the second how far out of your way the network takes you.

Both roses overlaid

NDrive · 355°–5° · 4.3%Drive · 5°–15° · 3.6%Drive · 15°–25° · 3.9%Drive · 25°–35° · 1.4%Drive · 35°–45° · 1.0%Drive · 45°–55° · 1.7%Drive · 55°–65° · 3.5%Drive · 65°–75° · 3.0%Drive · 75°–85° · 3.3%Drive · 85°–95° · 3.7%Drive · 95°–105° · 3.2%Drive · 105°–115° · 3.0%Drive · 115°–125° · 1.2%Drive · 125°–135° · 0.9%Drive · 135°–145° · 1.2%Drive · 145°–155° · 2.0%Drive · 155°–165° · 4.0%Drive · 165°–175° · 5.0%Drive · 175°–185° · 4.3%Drive · 185°–195° · 3.6%Drive · 195°–205° · 3.9%Drive · 205°–215° · 1.4%Drive · 215°–225° · 1.0%Drive · 225°–235° · 1.7%Drive · 235°–245° · 3.5%Drive · 245°–255° · 3.0%Drive · 255°–265° · 3.3%Drive · 265°–275° · 3.7%Drive · 275°–285° · 3.2%Drive · 285°–295° · 3.0%Drive · 295°–305° · 1.2%Drive · 305°–315° · 0.9%Drive · 315°–325° · 1.2%Drive · 325°–335° · 2.0%Drive · 335°–345° · 4.0%Drive · 345°–355° · 5.0%Walk · 355°–5° · 4.7%Walk · 5°–15° · 3.7%Walk · 15°–25° · 4.0%Walk · 25°–35° · 1.7%Walk · 35°–45° · 1.0%Walk · 45°–55° · 1.7%Walk · 55°–65° · 3.2%Walk · 65°–75° · 2.9%Walk · 75°–85° · 3.1%Walk · 85°–95° · 4.4%Walk · 95°–105° · 3.3%Walk · 105°–115° · 3.0%Walk · 115°–125° · 1.1%Walk · 125°–135° · 1.0%Walk · 135°–145° · 1.1%Walk · 145°–155° · 1.9%Walk · 155°–165° · 3.6%Walk · 165°–175° · 4.6%Walk · 175°–185° · 4.7%Walk · 185°–195° · 3.7%Walk · 195°–205° · 4.0%Walk · 205°–215° · 1.7%Walk · 215°–225° · 1.0%Walk · 225°–235° · 1.7%Walk · 235°–245° · 3.2%Walk · 245°–255° · 2.9%Walk · 255°–265° · 3.1%Walk · 265°–275° · 4.4%Walk · 275°–285° · 3.3%Walk · 285°–295° · 3.0%Walk · 295°–305° · 1.1%Walk · 305°–315° · 1.0%Walk · 315°–325° · 1.1%Walk · 325°–335° · 1.9%Walk · 335°–345° · 3.6%Walk · 345°–355° · 4.6%
Drive H 3.473 · φ 0.10Walk H 3.474 · φ 0.10
Each street segment’s bearing goes into one of 36 bins of 10°, weighted by length: a 500 m road counts ten times a 50 m gang. Bar length is the share of network length running that way, not a count of segments. The rose is always 180°-symmetric, because one segment traversed both ways differs by exactly 180°. Boeing 2019 §3
  • Drive
  • Walk
  • Both

DeltaWalkDrive

Orientation entropy
+0.001
H / H max
+0.000
φ orientation-order
−0.001
Circuity
−0.097
Average node degree
+0.17
Four-way
+2.5%
Dead-end
−9.9%
Intersection density
+52
Median segment length
−8
Network length
+8.0

What walking adds

Walk-only length
8.0 km
Share of walking network
23.0%
Fig. 3 · r = 800 m Ink: the edges that exist only in the walking network. Hairline: the network both modes share. Membership is decided by the tag mapping — an edge counts as walk-only when the OSM way it came from is not admitted to the driving network.
Rose as a table — 36 binsPasar Atas
Share of network length per 10° bearing bin, for drive and walk.
BinBearing rangeP — DriveP — Walk−P·ln P−P·ln P
00355°–5°4.32%4.67%0.13580.1431
015°–15°3.56%3.67%0.11870.1214
0215°–25°3.91%3.97%0.12680.1282
0325°–35°1.44%1.70%0.06100.0693
0435°–45°0.97%1.01%0.04480.0465
0545°–55°1.71%1.75%0.06960.0708
0655°–65°3.46%3.22%0.11650.1107
0765°–75°3.00%2.89%0.10520.1025
0875°–85°3.35%3.15%0.11370.1088
0985°–95°3.70%4.39%0.12200.1372
1095°–105°3.24%3.26%0.11110.1115
11105°–115°2.98%3.03%0.10460.1060
12115°–125°1.22%1.06%0.05360.0483
13125°–135°0.85%0.97%0.04070.0450
14135°–145°1.23%1.15%0.05390.0512
15145°–155°2.02%1.89%0.07890.0750
16155°–165°4.01%3.61%0.12890.1199
17165°–175°5.03%4.61%0.15050.1418
18175°–185°4.32%4.67%0.13580.1431
19185°–195°3.56%3.67%0.11870.1214
20195°–205°3.91%3.97%0.12680.1282
21205°–215°1.44%1.70%0.06100.0693
22215°–225°0.97%1.01%0.04480.0465
23225°–235°1.71%1.75%0.06960.0708
24235°–245°3.46%3.22%0.11650.1107
25245°–255°3.00%2.89%0.10520.1025
26255°–265°3.35%3.15%0.11370.1088
27265°–275°3.70%4.39%0.12200.1372
28275°–285°3.24%3.26%0.11110.1115
29285°–295°2.98%3.03%0.10460.1060
30295°–305°1.22%1.06%0.05360.0483
31305°–315°0.85%0.97%0.04070.0450
32315°–325°1.23%1.15%0.05390.0512
33325°–335°2.02%1.89%0.07890.0750
34335°–345°4.01%3.61%0.12890.1199
35345°–355°5.03%4.61%0.15050.1418
Sum = H3.4733.474

The last column is each bin’s term in H = −Σ P(i)·ln P(i). Add the thirty-six of them and you get the H printed under the rose. An empty bin contributes zero.

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Data jalan © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. Basis data turunan ini ditawarkan dengan lisensi yang sama. · Boeing, G. 2019. Urban Spatial Order: Street Network Orientation, Configuration, and Entropy. Applied Network Science 4(1):67.