Rome and Byzantium

Legendary Rome under its kings, the republic that replaced them, the empire the republic became, the eastern half that outlived the empire by a thousand years, and the two governments that held or claimed Constantinople in the fifty-seven years the Fourth Crusade took it away. One continuous object that this site is obliged to cut into six records, and every page here says so.

The line below is a time axis. Position on it is date, so concurrency is visible: concurrent polities sit side by side rather than in sequence.

26 sourced edges run between this region and another, to Antigonid Macedon, Attalid Kingdom, Kingdom of Pontus, Herodian Kingdom, Nabataean Kingdom, Sasanian Empire, Ottoman Empire, Jafnid Dynasty, Palmyrene Empire, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Carolingian Empire, Bagratid Armenia, First Bulgarian Empire, Second Bulgarian Empire, Visigothic Kingdom, Vandal Kingdom, Ostrogothic Kingdom, Holy Roman Empire, Republic of Venice, Principality of Antioch, Empire of Trebizond and Carthage. Those are not drawn on this line — a thread that crossed regions would assert a sequence nobody cited — but they are on each polity’s own page.

600 BC400 BC200 BC200400600800100012001400Roman Kingdom 753 BC – 509 BCRoman Republic 509 BC – 27 BCRoman Empire 27 BC – 395Byzantine Empire 395 – 1453Epirus 1204–1205 to 1479Latin Empire of Constantinople 1204 – 1261Empire of Nicaea 1204 – 1261509 BC Roman Republic overthrew Roman Kingdom (contested)27 BC Roman Empire claimed legitimacy of Roman Republic (contested)395 Byzantine Empire partitioned from Roman Empire (contested)1204 Byzantine Empire conquered by Latin Empire of Constantinople1204 Empire of Nicaea partitioned from Byzantine Empire1204 Epirus absorbed remnants of Byzantine Empire1261 Latin Empire of Constantinople conquered by Empire of Nicaea1261 Byzantine Empire claimed legitimacy of Empire of Nicaea